Sri Lanka is famous for its spices and spices gardens. These spice gardens offers tourists memorable visits to various spice plantations in Sri Lanka. In order to promote and uplift spice growing and spice gardens of Sri Lanka a spice council was established with all key industry private and public sector stakeholders. During early historical times Sri Lanka known as Taprobane, was world renowed for its Quality Spices. During ancient times the Greeks, Romans and the Arabic maintained their links with Sri Lanka through the spice trade. In the 16th century Ceylon, as it was then known, was discovered by Portuguese who soon began trading in cinnamon and other spices. The Dutch and British followed bringing with them their own history and influences, forming a strong Western presence which created a history of food expressed with spices which can be tasted in the dishes today. Also the Spices are use in Ayurveda in Sri Lanka. Spice Gardens in the hill capital Kandy and at Matale and Mawanella give interesting insights into spice production in Sri Lanka.The importance of spices in the minor export crops of Sri Lanka consist of Fragrant clove, cinnamon, cardamom, nutmeg, mace and pepper, for which Sri Lanka has been farmed since ancient times, thrive in the hills.
• Spice Gardens in Sri Lanka
» Spice Garden in Matale
Visit a spice garden in Matale to see many different types of spices Sri Lanka is famous for. Just 25 km from the hill capital of Kandy, the Matale spice gardens are among the best on the island. You will be introduced to different spices and shown how some of these spices are grown and processed. A processing and training unit has been set up in the area and farmers are grouped in a cooperative to ensure fair prices and you will also be able to purchase spices. Gardens are open to visitors, a delightful place to stroll in fragrant greenery and learn about nutmeg, pepper vines, clove trees and curry, cinnamon and the precious cardamom, a relative of ginger. It grows in the shade of high jungle trees and can only be harvested by hand. Visitors may buy spices, traditional remedies and cosmetics, taste a herbal brew and in some venues, enjoy the full flavors of Sri Lankan spices over lunch or an Ayurveda massage based on natural products from the garden.
» Hingula Luckyland Spice Garden in Mawanella
The Luckyland Spice Gardens in Hingula , located on the main road between Colombo and the hill capital of Kandy. Visit a spice garden Hingula in Mawanella to see many different types of spices Sri Lanka is famous for. Cinnamon, Cardamom, Pepper, Cloves and nut meg are cultivated that place.In addition to their commercial spices, Luckyland Spice Garden boasted ornamental plantings of saffron and cocoa, as well as the vanilla vine. Not all spices are primarily culinary; this jungle garden also contained the fragrant sandalwood tree. The oil extracted from this tree is highly prized both for perfume and as a beauty aid. A few chips of the wood are sometimes added to scalding milk to flavor custards. In addition to individual spices, the estate sold its own version of Sri Lankan curry powder.
• Spices used in Ayurveda in Sri Lanka
The wealth and variety of Sri Lankan spices provide ideal grounds for traditional Ayurveda. Ayurveda is an ancient form of medicine, the Science of Long Life, using natural remedies to achieve physical and mental well being. Herbs, spices and their natural oils figure prominently in Ayurveda massage and alternative therapies. Sri Lankan spices are used in a range of perfume, soap and other cosmetics, aromatherapy essential oils and Ayurveda toothpaste based on 24 herbs and spices. Cloves are recommended for toothache and sore throatsThe Herbal tooth paste manufactured using the herbs and spices grown is spice gardens of Sri Lanka is a methodically manufactured with over 24 natural herbal Medicines and spices and mixed with pure dental care with an ancient Ayurvedic formula. This tooth paste helps to reduce the formation of tarter in the teeth and sticky substance in gums that destroys germs and bacteria, also helps against pyorrhea and gingivitis, and keeps the mouth fresh throughout the day. Nutmeg and black pepper stimulates digestion,Ginger alleviates motion sickness and Spices mixed with king coconut oil make an excellent sun cream while citronella repels insects.
• Spices used in Sri Lankan Cuisine
» Cinnamon (Kurundu) The Dutch started the cinnamon industry in Sri Lanka, and even today the island is the biggest producer of this, the most delicately scented of spices, which is used in curries and rice dishes.
» Cardamom (Enasal) Cardamom is an excellent in moderation to flavour curries, for sauces, and to give aroma to confectionery, especially wattalapam, a typical Malay egg pudding.
»Pepper (Gam Miris) This pungent berry, the earliest spice known to humankind, is used as a substitute for red-hot chillies. The world famous soup Mulligatawny (Tamil pepper water) is made from this spice.
»Cloves (Karabunatti) One of the best known of all spices, but also one of the most difficult to use because of their pungency, cloves are used in many types of curry and confectionery.
» Coriander (Kottamalli) Coriander is a basic ingredient used daily in Sri Lanka to add flavour to curries. Normally only the seeds are used, which are usually roasted before being ground.
» Turmeric (Kaha) Turmeric, which is often confused with saffron, is used as a condiment in curries. A little turmeric and salt are all that is necessary to preserve fish and meat.
» Fenugreek (Uluhal) Fenugreek, which has a rather unpleasant scent and a bitter taste, is used to flavour and give the necessary binding or thickening effect to curries.
» Sweet-cummin (Maduru) This spice is used in the preparation of curry powder together with coriander and cummin, and also as flavouring for sweet dishes and alcoholic liqueurs.
» Cummin (Suduru) Cummin, which has a remarkable pungent and aromatic flavour, is one of the ingredients of curry powder together with sweet-cummin and coriander.
» Curry Leaves (Karapincha) Curry leaves are generally used fresh in most rice and curry dishes, giving a very distinctive flavour and fragrance.
» Lemon Grass (Sera) Lemon grass, as its name implies, has a strong taste and smell of lemon. The bulbous part of the plant is used to flavour meat and fish dishes.
» Gamboge (Goraka) Gamboge, usually ground with a little hot water, is used as a souring and thickening agent in white curries, fish and meat preparations, and certain vegetable curries.
Spice Gardens and Spices in Sri Lanka Highlights
Cinnamon (Kurundu)
It is an evergreen tree endemic to Sri Lanka. The tree is maintained as a low bush and thrives well in a warm and humid Climate, with a rainfall of over 1500mm. Cinnamon is grown in the low country wet zone in Galle, Matara, Rattanapura , Kalutara and Gampaha Districts, parts of Matalae and in the Hambantota Districts where the required climatic conditions are prevalent.
The cinnoman cultivation originated in the mid country in the Central Province and gradually shifted to the North and around Colombo and then moved to the Southern province.
Sri Lanka exports approximately 9500 metric tons of cinnamon products to countries in North and South America and several countries in Europe. Cinnamon is highly aromatic and is used for flavouring drinks and items of food, such as dessesrts and confectionery items. It is widely used in Mexico in coffee drinks.
Dry Cinnamon (Krundu)
Dry Cinnomans.
Pepper (Gam Miris)
Pepper (Gam Miris)is referred as the king of spices. The pepper plant thrives well under humid tropical conditions with abundant rain fall. Pepper is mostly grown in home garden and mixed gardens. The present extend of land cultivation is approx. 12,000 hectares with Kandy and Matale having 2800 and 2400 hectares respectively. Kurunegala, Kegalla, Badulla and Ratnapura are the other districts where appreciable extent of cultivation exit.
Black pepper is product by drying the mature green berries in the sun. For the white pepper, the corns are picked when ripe, soaked in water, outer skin is removed by scrubbing in water and then dried. Pepper is pungent and is used as a substitute for chilies. A bout 40% of the production is consumed locally. Exports are of the order of 2000 mt. There is a general increase in production and export of this spice.
Pepper (Gam Miris)
Green, Black,Red and White Pepper.
Cloves (Karambunatti)
Clove is a tree endemic to Indonesia and introduced to Sri Lanka. The Product the dried unopened buds. This whole bud is used for decorating food and chewing. The strongly flavored ground products are used in backed products, desserts, fruit dishes and curries. The clove tree is widely grown inKandy, Kegalle and Matale District in home gardens and mixed gardens. The cultivation of clove has slowly expanded to other district in the wet zone over the years. It is estimated that there is a total of 7700 hectares of clove cultivation in the country.The major products of the tree are the buds, the stem and the clove oil. The main purchasers are U.S.A, U.K., Germany, Maldive Island, U.S.A. and Canada.
Nutmeg and Mace (Sadikka and Wasawasi)
Nutmeg is the dry seed and mace is the red membrane around the seed which changes its colour to orange on during this requires a warm wet Climate with a rainfall of approximately 2500 mm per year. The land area under cultivation is approximately 2460 hectares and 70% of the cultivation is in the Kandy district. In addition Kegalla and Kurunegala Districts too have undertaken this cultivation. The trees are cultivated in homes and mixed gardens. Nutmeg and mace are used as ground products an aromatic flavor to backed products, savouries, milk and egg drink.The exporta are mainly to India,Pakistan, U.S.A., Yemen , Poland , Bangladesh , Middle- East and U.K.
Cardamom (Enasal)
Cardamom is referred to as the queen of spices and is highly priced and local consumption is very small. It has a distinct, strong, but pleasant flavor and is used in baked products, confectioneries.
The cardamom tree needs shade and moisture. This tree is cultivated under forest trees and other shade trees at elevations of 600 m and 1200m in the hill country. The land area under cultivation and the production has declined. At present the area under cultivation is approximately 5400 hectares with more than 50% in Kandy District. Matale, Kurunegala, Kegalla and Ratnapura District grow the balance 50%.The exports are mainly to the Middle East, India and U.K.
Cardamom (Enasal)
Cardamom plants.
Coriander (Kottamalli)
Coriander (Kottamalli) leaves,seeds and powder.
Turmeric (Kaha)
Turmeric (Kaha) also used as spice and ayurveda medicine.
Cummin (Suduru)
Cummin seeds (Suduru)
Curry Leaves (Karapincha)
Curry Leaves (Karapincha)
Gamboge (Goraka)
Gamboge (Goraka)
Lemon Grass (Sera)
Lemon Grass (Sera)
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